Wallace J. Eckert
Papers, 1931-1975
CBI 9
1.5 cubic feet in 3 boxes
Creator: Eckert, W. J. (Wallace John), 1902-1971
By: Bruce H. Bruemmer and Kevin D. Corbitt, June 1995
ACQUISITION: The records were given to the Charles Babbage Institute by Dorothy Eckert in 1983.
ACCESS: The collection is unrestricted.
COPYRIGHT: The Charles Babbage Institute holds the copyright to all materials in the collection, except for items covered by a prior copyright (such as published materials). Researchers may quote from the collection under the fair use provisions of the copyright law (Title 17, U.S. Code).
Please cite the collection as follows: Wallace J. Eckert Papers (CBI 9), Charles Babbage Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.
Biography
Wallace John Eckert received his Ph.D. in astronomy from Yale in 1931 and became part of the faculty at Columbia the same year. He established the Thomas J. Watson Astronomical Computing Laboratory in the early 1930s and strongly urged IBM to develop a scientific calculator. His book, Punched Card Methods in Scientific Computation (1940), influenced the development of the electronic computer. In 1940, Eckert left Columbia to become the director of the Nautical Almanac Office of the U.S. Naval Observatory. After World War II, Eckert returned to Columbia. During this period he also worked with IBM in the development of the Selective Sequence Electronic Calculator (SSEC). He retired from Columbia in 1967 and became an IBM Fellow.
Scope and Content
Correspondence, astronomy lecture notes, drafts of publications, research notes, and miscellaneous materials relating to Eckert's work in astronomy, celestial mechanics, and punched card systems. The collection includes a letter to G. W. Baehne of IBM regarding the development of a machine for scientific calculations (1934), correspondence relating to the operation of the Thomas J. Watson Astronomical Computing Bureau, photographs of Eckert, and drafts of publications. The drafts represented include "The Position of the Moon Computed Directly from Brown's Theory," Punched Card Methods in Scientific Computation (1940), and Faster, Faster (1955), a book about the IBM-Naval Ordnance Research Calculator. Correspondents include L. J. Comrie and Dirk Brouwer.
Arrangement of the Collection
- Lecture Notes, 1951-1970
- Publications by Eckert, undated and 1935-1967
- Publications by Others, undated and 1943-1965
- Subject Files, 1931-1970
Index Terms
- Baehne, G. W. (George Walter)
- Brouwer, Dirk 1902-
- Comrie, L. J. (Leslie John), 1893-1950
- International Business Machines Corporation
- Thomas J. Watson Astronomical Computing Bureau, New York
- Astronomy--Mathematics
- Calculators
- Celestial mechanics
- Punched card systems--Astronomy
- Tabulating machines
Inventory
Lecture Notes, 1951-1970
Contains lecture notes for several astronomy, celestial mechanics, and engineering courses taught by Eckert.
- Astronomy 106, n.d. (Box 1, folders 4-6)
- Astronomy 110, Numerical Methods, n.d. (Box 1, folder 7)
- Astronomy, Celestial Mechanics, Course Notebook, 1970 (Box 1, folder 8)
- Celestial Mechanics, 1965 (Box 1, folder 9)
- Celestial Mechanics 5258, n.d. (Box 1, folder 10)
- Engineering 281-Numerical Methods, Notes, 1951-1954 (Box 1, folders 11-12)
Publications by Eckert, undated and 1935-1967
- A Numerical Lunar Theory, with the Verification of the Theory of E. W. Brown
, n.d. (Box 1, folder 13)
- Faster, Faster, The IBM-Naval Ordnance Research Calculator
, n.d. (Box 1, folder 14)
- Motion of the Moon
, 1967. (Box 1, folder 15)
- Punched Card Methods in Scientific Computation
- Second Edition, Part I, n.d. (Box 1, folder 16)
- Second Edition, Draft of Part II, n.d. (Box 1, folder 17)
- Second Edition, Part II, n.d. (Box 1, folder 18)
- Correspondence, 1940-1942 (Box 1, folder 19)
- Reprints of Eckert (et al.) publications, 1935-1967 (Box 1, folder 20)
Publications by Others, undated and 1943-1965
- Astronomical Navigation Publications, 1943, 1948-1949 (Box 1, folder 21)
- Celestial Mechanics Conference (reprint), 1958 (Box 1, folder 22)
- Numerical Development of Harmonic Series for the Coordinates of the Moon
, Harry F. Smith, Jr., 1965 (Box 1, folder 23)
- On the Calculation of the Principal Parts of the Motions of the Lunar Perigee and Node
, E. W. Brown, n.d. (Box 1, folder 24)
Research Notes, 1957-1975
- Bessel Functions and General Lunar Theory, 1957-1967 (Box 2, folder 1)
- Brown's Theory (VII), n.d. (Box 2, folder 2)
- Disturbing Function, (62), n.d. (Box 2, folder 3)
- Lunar Ephemiri, Astronomical Data in Machine-Readable Form, 1959-1962 (Box 2, folder 4)
- Relations between Hill-Brown and Delauney Parameters computed on TPC. Notes about Conversion to Polars. More notes about Constants and Series Computation, 1963 (Box 2, folder 5)
- Solution of the Main Problem of Lunar Theory by the Method of Hill-Brown
, and related Correspondence, 1975 (Box 2, folder 6)
- The Position of the Moon Computed Directly from Brown's Theory
, n.d. (Box 2, folder 7)
- The Solution of the Main Problem by Airey's Method......by Hill-Brown Method
, n.d. (Box 2, folder 8)
Subject Files, 1931-1970
The subject files contain miscellaneous materials related to Eckert's interest in astronomy and celestial mechanics. They also contain: Eckert's personal correspondence; a history of the Astronomy Department at Columbia University; correspondence related to the International Astronomical Union; minutes, reports, photographs, and correspondence from the Thomas J. Watson Astronomical Computing Bureau; correspondence and reports from the National Research Council's Mathematical Tables and Other Aids to Computation subcommittee related to the journal Mathematical Tables and Other Aids to Computation and the WPA Project for the Computation of Mathematical Tables; and a letter to G. W. Baehne of IBM regarding the development of a machine for scientific calculation.
- "A Simple Programming System" (revision), n.d. (Box 2, folder 9)
- Armillary Sphere, 1931-1935 (Box 2, folder 10)
- Computer Printouts of Ecliptic Longitude and Sine Parallax, n.d. (Box 2, folder 11)
- Employment Correspondence, 1938-1967 (Box 1, folder 1)
- General Correspondence, 1935-1952, 1965-1970 (Box 1, folder 2)
- The History of the Astronomy Department at Columbia University, [1946?] (Box 3, folder 3)
- International Astronomical Union Meeting, Correspondence, 1969-1970 (Box 2, folder 12)
- International Astronomical Union Meeting 1970, Correspondence, Member List, 1969-1970 (Box 2, folder 13)
- Letter to G. W. Baehne (IBM) re: Development of a Machine for Scientific Calculations, 1934 (Box 1, folder 3)
- Mathematical Tables and Other Aids to Computation
correspondence and reports, 1940-1944 (Box 3, folder 2)
- National Research Council Mathematical Tables and Other Aids to Computation subcommittee correspondence and reports, 1940-1944 (Box 3, folder 2)
- Photographs, n.d. (Box 3, folder 1)
- Project for the Computation of Mathematical Tables, Correspondence, Announcement, 1940-1944 (Box 3, folder 2)
- Thomas J. Watson Astronomical Computing Bureau, Minutes, Reports, Correspondence, 1940-1970 (Box 3, folder 4)